India submitted its first Biennial Update Report (BUR) to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), towards fulfillment of the reporting obligation under the Convention.
The inventory covers six greenhouse gases, viz. Carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4), Nitrous Oxide (N2O), Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) and five categories, namely- energy, industrial processes and product use (IPPU), agriculture, waste and Land-use, Land-use, Change and Forestry (LULUCF).
Biennial Update Report states:
India emitted 2,136.84 million tonnes of CO2 equivalent greenhouse gases in 2010. Energy sector was the prime contributor to emissions and with 71% of total emissions in 2010.
Industrial processes and product use contributed 8%;
Agriculture and waste sectors contributed 18% and 3% respectively.
About 12% of emissions were offset by carbon sink action of forests and croplands,.
India’s per capita GHG emission in 2010 was 1.56 tCO2 (It is less than one- third of the world’s per capita emissions and far below than many developed and developing countries)
What is Biennial Update Report?
The UNFCCC in its sixteenth session of conference of Parties (COP) had decided that the developing countries will submit updates to their national communication on biennial basis in the form of ‘Biennial Update Report’.
BUR showcases a range of climate-friendly measures initiated through eight National Missions under National Action Plan on Climate Change and other programs.
BUR has been prepared by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change under its NATCOM project funded by Global Environment Facility (GEF) through UNDP.
BUR has also undergone multitier review process and has been approved by the Union Cabinet.
As per the rules of UNFCCC, BURs are subjected to an international process known as International Consultation and Analysis (ICA). It is a process that includes international scrutiny of BUR.
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